Geology Studies

 Origin of petroleum Millions of years ago, the earth was populated with plants and animals. Much of that life was located in or adjacent to ancient rivers, lakes, and sea. As plants and animals died, their remains settled to the bottom of these bodies of water. Ancient rivers carried mud and sand that buried the organic material. As layers of organic material continued to build up, the oxygen supply to the lower layers eventually was cut off and decomposition slowed down. The thickness of such layers grew to 100s of feet over the time. Introduction  Petroleum is a Latin word of (Petra ‘‘rock’’ + Oleum ‘’ oil ‘’), It is completely different   than oil that comes from vegetable sources such as the olive, but modern research has traced its origin to the lipids (oils) of plank tonic (free floating) plants and animals which live in brackish water such as blue-green algae's and foraminifera. The brackishness is essen...

What is geology ? Geology is the science that deals with the history and structure of the earth and its life forms, especially as recorded in the rock record. A basic understanding of its concepts and processes is essential in the petroleum industry, for it is used to predict where oil accumulations might occur. It is the job of the petroleum geologist to use his/her knowledge to reconstruct the geologic history of an area to determine whether the formations are likely to contain petroleum reservoirs. It is also the job of the geologist to determine whether the recovery and production of these hydrocarbons will be commercially profitable. The physical characteristics of a reservoir, how petroleum originated and in what type of rock, what types of fluids exist in the reservoir, how hydrocarbons become trapped, and basic well log analysis are some of the concepts vital to the production and recovery efforts of any exploration or energy service company.